Introduction

The idea of homosexual relations has been around since the beginning of time, but there were not advocacy groups until post-World War II Era. The uproar of the war and changing social structures resulted in need for policies that protect gay Americans. The first organization was Mattachine Society in 1950 and more appeared as years went by. However, the American Psychiatric Association classified homosexuality as a disease until 1973 (Morris).

The gay rights movement expanded with the civil rights movement. The Stonewall riot was the climactic event of the 1960s (Morris), as it gave the gay community an opportunity to lash back against police forces. Now, inspired by Stonewall, many major cities hold annual pride marches.

With the expansion of gay male organizations, feminist groups like the National Organization for Women sprouted in the 1970s. "Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays (PFLAG), formed in 1972, offered family members greater support roles in the gay rights movement" (Morris). The social movement exploded through more major organizations in the 70s and 80s, including the Human Rights Campaign.


Over the past decade, gay rights have come to the front of politicians' minds, whether debating gay marriage, domestic partnership, or adoption. Popular figures like Ellen DeGeneres have played major roles in promoting not just tolerance, but acceptance. Due to the forces behind such social movements, "Don't Ask Don't Tell" has been repealed and state sodomy laws have been cancelled (Morris).

The transgender community has been mainly considered separately from the gay rights movements, unfortunately. They are a minority within a minority, so they face even more struggles. As the gay rights movements are more successful, the transgender community is starting to gain attention.

Morris, Bonnie J. "History of Lesbian, Gay, & Bisexual Social Movements". American Psychiatric Association. Washington, DC: George Washington University.